بحر الصين الجنوبي في الاستراتيجية الصينية

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلفون

المستخلص

         تتحدد مشكلة بحر الصين الجنوبي بوجود خلافات حول تقسيم الحدود البحرية بين الصين ومجموعة من الدول المطلة على البحر التي تدعي كل واحدة منها ان لها الحق في المياه الإقليمية ولكن الخلافات لا تزال مستمرة حول جزر سبراتلي وبراسيل في الوقت ذاته أصدرت الصين خريطتها المشهورة المعروفة بالخطوط التسعة التي اكدت على حقوقها التاريخية في الوقت ذاته  عملت الصين على بناء الجزر الاصطناعية التي تم بناؤها على الشعاب المرجانية في المنطقة والتي لاتزال الولايات المتحدة والدول الأخرى المحيطة تحذر من وجودها لكن الصين ماضية في سياستها اتجاه بحر الصين الجنوبي .

  1. المصادر باللغة العربية :

    1. مجيد، دياري صالح بحر الصين الجنوبي تحليل جيوبوليتيكي، المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات، ط1، بيروت، 2018.
    2. كابلان ، روبرت د. ، انتقام الجغرافيا مالذي تخبرنا به الخرائط عن الصراعات المقبلة وعن الحرب ضد المصير ، ترجمة إيهاب عبد الرحيم علي ، سلسلة عالم المعرفة ، العدد 420 ، الكويت ،2015 .

    المصادر باللغة الإنكليزية :

    1 Bouchat, .Clarence J., The Paracel Islands And U.S. Interests And Approaches  In The South China Sea, (Report), Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press, 2014 .

    1. Li Zweifel , Ulla, South China Sea GIWA Regional assessment, Report No.54 , Global International Waters Assessment, Sweden, 2005.
    2. Chakraborti, Tridib, China and Vietnam in the South China Sea Dispute : A Creeping, Conflict–Peace–Trepidation Syndrome, China Report, Vol.48, No.3, 2012.
    3. R. Costlow, Matthew, Gunboat Diplomacy In The South China Sea, Master Thesis (Not Published), Defense and Strategic Studies department, Missouri University, 2012.
    4. Hang,Vu Thi Minh, Vietnam’s ASEAN Chairmanship in Dispute Management of the South China Sea in 2010, A Thesis Victoria University of Wellington in Partial, International Relations, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, 2013.
    5. Mitchell, Martin D, The South China Sea: Ageopolitical Analysis, Journal of Geographyand Geology,Vol.8, No. 3, 2016, Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education, Canada.
    6. Raditio,Klaus Heinrich ,Understanding China’s Behaviour in the South China Sea a Defensive Realist Perspective, 1st ed, Publisher‎Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore, 2019 .
    7. Wood, Capt aaron S., Historically Mine The (Potentially) Legal Basis for China’s Sovereignty Claims to Land in the South China Sea, Journal OF Indo-Pacific Affairs, Vol. 4, No. 2, Published by the Air University Press, United State, 2021.
    8. Paul ,Michael, A Great Wall of Sand in the South China Sea? Political, Legal and Military Aspects of the Island Dispute, SWP Research Paper, German Institute for International and Security Affairs, Berlin, 2016.
    9. Dolven, Ben et al, China Primer: South China Sea Disputes, theCongressional Research Service (CRS), 2021

    https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF10119

    1. Kreuzer, Peter, Facing China Crises or Peaceful Coexistence in the South China Sea, PRIF Report No.134, Peace Research Institute Frankfurt, Germany, 2015.
    2. Cooreman, Dominik H., Balance of Threat in the South China Sea: Vietnam's Multi-Faceted Approach to Maximizing its South China Sea Interests in the Face of Dominant Chinese Power as a Case Study in Great Power-Middle Power Dispute Dynamics, Master thesis, Program in International Relations, New York University, 2020.
    3. Amry,Sacha A., An Analysis of the South China Sea Dispute: Focusing on the Assessment of the Impact of Possible Solutions on the Economies of the Region, Master’s Thesis, Arts in International Affairs, City University of New York, 2014.
    4. Qi, Huaigao, Joint development in the South China Sea: China’s incentives and policy choices, Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, Vol.8, No.2, United Kingdom, 2019.
    5. Askari,Muhammad Usman, China’s Territorial Disputes in the South China Sea: A Prologue from Past to Present, Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan – Vol. 56, No. 1, 2019.
    6. Ruscheinski, Stephen J. , China’s Energy Security and The South China Sea, A Master thesis, Faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Military art and Science General Studies, Kansas 2002.
    7. Birdwell,Ian, Samantha Taherian, Expansionism, Projecting Power and Territorial Disputes: The South China Sea, Issue Brief ODU UN Day 2020, Issue Brief Security Council, OLD Dominion university, Virginia, 2020.
    8. Singh, Abhijit, Arbitration on the South China Sea – Implications for Maritime-Asia,in Line in Abhijit Singh, ed, the Waters: The South China Sea Dispute and its Implications for Asia, Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi, 2017.
    9. Yamaguchi,Shinji, Strategies of China’s Maritime Actors in the South China Sea A Coordinated Plan under the Leadership of Xi Jinping?, China Perspectives, Issue.3, French Centre for Research on Contemporary China, Hong Kong , 2016.
    10. Holmes,Aaron, Artificial Islands in the South China Sea, OSR Journal of Student Research, Vol. 4, Article 1, Illinois State University, Illinoy,2016.
    11. Roy, Steven, The Strategic Impact of China's Artificial Islands in the South China Sea and their Influence on U.S. and China Relations, A Master Thesis, Arts in Leadership Studies, University of Southern Main,United States, 2020 .
    12. W. Kohl, Adam, China’s Artificial Island Building Campaign in the South China Sea: Implications for the Reform of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Dickinson Law Review, Issue 3, Volume 122, Pennsylvania State University , 2018.
    13. Dolven ,Ben et al, Chinese Land Reclamation in the South China Sea: Implications and Policy Options, Congressional Research Service, washinghton, 2015.

     24 Singh, Swaran andYamamoto, Lilian, Spectre of China's artificial islands, Indian defence Review, Vol. 30, India, 2015.

    1. Hussain , Nazir & Sobea Tabbasum, Us-China Relations and The South China Sea Conflict, Journal of Contemporary Studies, Vol. III, No.2, 2014, National Defence University, Islamabad.
    2. Smith, Jeff M. Freedom of Navigation – A Critical Security Imperative,in Abhijit Singh, ed, Line in the waters the south China sea Dispute and its implications for asia, Global Policy and Observer Research Foundation, London , 2017.
    3. Dirmeikis, Andrius, U.S. Role in Conflect Resoulution: The Case of South China Sea Territorial Disputes, Master Thesis,Vytautas Magnus University, Department of Political Science and Diplomacy, Kaunas, 2018.
    4. Jianqun,Teng, The Sino-US Security Dilemma - The Root Cause and Way Out, in Abhijit Singh, ed, Line in the waters the south China sea Dispute and its implications for asia, Global Policy and Observer Research Foundation, , London , 2017.
    5. O'Rourke, Ronald, U.S. - China Strategic Competition in South and East China Seas: Background and Issues for Congress, Congressional Research Service, united states, 2021.